CBSE CLASS X Code No. 165 Computer Networking Mock Tests

November 20, 2025 by Rezyo Staff Writer CBSE, CBSE Class 10 0 comments

CBSE CLASS X Code No. 165 Computer Networking Mock Tests

Welcome to the definitive interactive study guide for CBSE Class 10 Computer Applications (Code 165) Unit 1: Networking. Designed to bridge the gap between static theory and real-world application, this resource helps you visualize the invisible infrastructure of the internet.

From the fundamental architecture of Network Topologies (Star, Bus, Ring) and Switching Techniques to the precise mechanics of Protocols like TCP/IP, SMTP, and FTP, we decode the digital landscape. Whether you are analyzing Network Hardware (Modems/Routers), understanding Cyber Ethics, or preparing for your board exams with our interactive 60-question quiz, this platform serves as your comprehensive digital handbook for mastering internet services and mobile technologies.

CBSE Code 165 Unit 1 | Rezyo.in
CBSE Code 165

UNIT 1:
Networking Decoded.

Master the internet’s architecture. From TCP/IP protocols to the physics of uploading. This isn’t just rote learning. This is understanding the machine.

Unit Syllabus

  • Internet Services
  • Data Transfer (FTP/HTTP)
  • Web Servers & Clients
  • Email & Protocols
  • Remote Login (Telnet/SSH)

UPDATED: OCT 2025

Common Questions

Web Site vs. Web Server?

A server is the hardware/software host; a website is the collection of pages hosted on it. Think House vs. Landlord.

HTTP vs. HTTPS?

The ‘S’ stands for Secure. HTTPS uses encryption (TLS) to protect data, essential for banking and shopping.

Extended
Knowledge Base

01

Modes of Communication

Chat (IRC/IM)

SYNCHRONOUS

Real-time textual exchange. The sender and receiver must be active simultaneously. Messages are delivered instantly.

Email

ASYNCHRONOUS

Store-and-forward. The recipient does not need to be online. Mail servers hold the message until the user retrieves it.

Video Conference

HIGH BANDWIDTH

Two-way transmission of audio and video data. Requires high-speed internet and specific hardware (Cam/Mic).

02

The Hardware Bridge

The Modem’s Job

Computers speak “Digital” (On/Off). Traditional telephone lines speak “Analog” (Sound Waves). They cannot talk directly.

  • 01.
    Modulation: Converting digital data from the PC into analog signals for the phone line.
  • 02.
    Demodulation: Converting incoming analog signals back into digital data for the PC.
DIGITAL SOURCE ANALOG MEDIUM
PC OUTPUT (Square Wave)
MODEM OUTPUT (Sine Wave)
03

Email Architectures

Email isn’t magic; it’s a relay race involving three specific protocols. Understanding these is critical for the CBSE exam.

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

The “Postman”. It is responsible strictly for sending emails from your client to the server, or between servers.

PORT 25 / 587

POP3

Post Office Protocol v3

The “PO Box”. It downloads mail to your local device and typically deletes it from the server. Good for single-device use.

PORT 110

IMAP

Internet Message Access Protocol

The “Cloud Sync”. It reads mail off the server directly. If you read it on phone, it’s marked read on laptop. Essential for multi-device users.

PORT 143
04

Search Engine Mechanics

1

Crawling

Automated bots (Spiders) scan the web, following hyperlinks from one page to another to discover content.

2

Indexing

The discovered data is analyzed, categorized, and stored in massive databases (The Index).

3

Ranking

When you query, algorithms sort results based on relevance, authority, and keywords to show the best match.

05

The E-Services Revolution

E-Banking

Conducting financial transactions over the internet. Includes services like NEFT, RTGS, and checking balances without visiting a physical branch.

E-Learning

Education via electronic media. Utilizes video lectures, interactive simulations (like Rezyo), and LMS platforms to deliver curriculum remotely.

E-Governance

Application of IT for delivering government services (e.g., applying for a passport, filing taxes, digital land records) to citizens transparently.

06

Mobile Standards

SMS vs MMS PROTOCOLS

SMS (Short Message Service) Text-only messages up to 160 characters. Uses standardized communication protocols to exchange messages between mobile devices.
MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) Extension of SMS. Allows sending multimedia content like photos, videos, and audio clips over a cellular network.

Generational Leap

3G

Mobile Internet

Introduced decent web browsing and video calling capabilities.

4G

Broadband Speed

LTE standards allowed for HD streaming and fast gaming.

5G

IoT Era

Ultra-low latency and massive device connectivity for smart cities.

07

Web Terminologies

Newsgroup

An early internet discussion platform (part of Usenet). Users post messages to a common board on a specific topic (e.g., comp.lang.java). It functions like a global, categorized bulletin board system.

Blog (Weblog)

A discussion or informational website published on the WWW consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries (posts). Posts are typically displayed in reverse chronological order.

08

Network Geography

PAN

Personal Area Network

Range ~10 meters. Connects personal devices (Phone to Headset). Example: Bluetooth.

LAN

Local Area Network

Confined to a single building (Home/Office). High speed, privately owned. Example: School Wi-Fi.

MAN

Metropolitan Area Network

Spans a city. Connects multiple LANs. Example: City Cable TV Network.

WAN

Wide Area Network

Spans countries/continents. Uses satellites and telecom lines. Example: The Internet.

09

Digital Identity

MAC Address

Media Access Control

The Physical Address. A unique 48-bit hex code burned into your device’s Network Card (NIC) during manufacturing. It cannot be changed easily.

00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E

Analogy: Your Fingerprint

IP Address

Internet Protocol Address

The Logical Address. Assigned by the network administrator or ISP. It changes when you move to a different network.

192.168.1.15

Analogy: Your Mailing Address

10

Network Topologies

Star Topology

All nodes connect to a central hub/switch. If one cable breaks, only that node fails. The most common modern setup.

Bus Topology

All nodes connect to a single central cable (backbone). Cheap to install, but if the backbone breaks, the whole network fails.

Ring Topology

Nodes are connected in a closed loop. Data travels in one direction. A break in the ring can disrupt the entire network.

11

DNS: The Internet’s Phonebook

Domain Name System

Why do we need it?

Computers identify each other using IP addresses (e.g., 142.250.193.206). Humans prefer names (e.g., google.com). The DNS is the global distributed database that translates human-readable names into computer-friendly IP addresses.

User types: www.cbse.nic.in
DNS Resolver: Checking… Found!
Browser goes to: 164.100.107.34
? -> !

Resolution Process

12

Switching: Circuit vs Packet

Circuit Switching

Old School (Telephone)

Establishes a dedicated physical path between sender and receiver for the entire duration of the call. If you stay silent, the line is still occupied (wasted bandwidth). Guarantee of order.

Packet Switching

New School (Internet)

Data is broken into small chunks called “Packets”. Each packet travels independently via the fastest available route. They may arrive out of order and are reassembled at the destination. Efficient.

13

Web Dynamics

WEB 1.0 vs WEB 2.0

Static Web Pages

The content is fixed (hardcoded in HTML). Every user sees the exact same information. Like a printed newspaper.

  • – Fast to load
  • – Hard to update
  • – Extension: .html

Dynamic Web Pages

The content is generated on-the-fly by a server (using PHP, ASP, JSP). Users see different content based on inputs (e.g., Facebook Feed).

  • – Interactive
  • – Database driven
  • – Extension: .php, .jsp, .aspx
14

Wireless Standards

Wi-Fi

Wireless Fidelity (IEEE 802.11)

Short-range wireless technology for LANs. Connects devices to a local hotspot. Ideal for homes, offices, and cafes.

WiMAX

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (IEEE 802.16)

Long-range wireless networking (MAN). Can cover entire cities. Similar to Wi-Fi but with much higher bandwidth and range (kilometers).

15

Cloud Concepts

Public Cloud

Services offered over the public internet and available to anyone who wants to purchase them.

AWS Google Cloud Azure

Private Cloud

Cloud computing resources used exclusively by a single business or organization. Can be physically located at the company’s on-site datacenter.

Secure Control
16

Digital Ethics (Netiquette)

  • Respect Privacy Never share others’ personal photos or information without consent.
  • No Spamming Avoid sending unsolicited bulk messages or irrelevant links in groups.
  • Copyright Awareness Do not plagiarize. Always credit the original creator when sharing content.
READING TIME: 15 MIN

The Architecture of
Connectivity

1. The Mechanics of Movement

The internet is functionally the movement of binary data. We categorize this movement into two primary flows:

  • Downloading: Transferring a file from a remote server to your local machine for storage. This creates a persistent copy.
  • Uploading: The reverse process—copying a local file to a remote server (e.g., posting a photo to Instagram).

CRITICAL DISTINCTION

Downloading vs. Streaming

Downloading saves the file permanently. Streaming buffers small chunks in temporary memory (RAM) for immediate playback and discards them after viewing.

2. Protocols: The Rules

Computers need agreed-upon rules to talk. These are Protocols.

Protocol Full Form Primary Function
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol Viewing websites (Port 80)
FTP File Transfer Protocol Uploading/Downloading files (Port 21)
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Sending Emails
SSH Secure Shell Secure Remote Login

3. Addressing Systems

How do we find things? Two main addressing methods exist in this unit.

URL
Uniform Resource Locator

Points to a file or page.

http://www.cbse.nic.in/results

Format: protocol://domain/path

EMAIL
Electronic Mail Address

Points to a user mailbox.

student@school.com

Format: username@domain

Visualizing The Network

Connection Hierarchy

Comparison of theoretical max speeds (Mbps)

Deconstructing a URL

https:// PROTOCOL (Scheme)
www. SUBDOMAIN (World Wide Web)
google DOMAIN NAME
.com TOP LEVEL DOMAIN (TLD)
/search PATH / DIRECTORY

Average Latency (Ping)

Lower is better. (Measured in ms)

Why Latency Matters

Speed isn’t just about how much data you can move (Bandwidth), but how fast it starts moving (Latency). Satellite connections often have high latency due to the physical distance to orbit, making them poor for gaming or video calls despite having decent download speeds.

Fiber
Low Latency
Satellite
High Latency

FTP Dual-Channel Architecture

CLIENT SERVER COMMAND CHANNEL (Port 21) DATA CHANNEL (Port 20)

FTP uses two separate ports: one for sending commands (login, delete) and one strictly for moving files.

Network Simulation

Drag nodes to rearrange the topology. Click ‘Send Packet’ to visualize data travel.

DEVICE (You)
ROUTER (Gateway)
ISP / DNS
SERVER (Target)

Knowledge Check

01/60
Protocols

Which protocol is specifically designed for transferring files between a local computer and a remote server?

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